| Read | Date | Reading | Open gaps |
|---|---|---|---|
| 99.9% | 1706–07 | Three letters to Ferenc Rákóczi II, 1706–1707external key matched · partialOpen: R912 p. 2 ll. 3-7, 14-22, 26-31 and p. 3 ll. 2-3: runs of holes | not yet triedneeds the archive |
| 99.9% | 1631 | The archbishop of Bremen to Johan Adler Salvius, 1631key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R4282 (Latin letter cipher, ~1,000 letters) | not yet tried ×5 |
| 99.9% | 1523 | Alonso Sánchez at Venice to Charles V, May–August 1523known key applied · partialOpen: R9767 *[?diversas]* (one sign unmatched, the decipherment torn there) | not yet triedhard to read on the scan ×2 |
| 96.8% | 1607 | Villeroy; Henri IV to Pierre Jeannin and fellow envoys, 1607key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff86r-87r, f112r: 10 unread groups, 3 doubtful words (1,099 of 1,145 elements identified) | not yet triedno key known |
| 95.0% | 1536–37 | The cardinal de Mâcon in Rome to Montmorency, 1536–1537known key applied · partialOpen: fr. 3071 no. 4 (read 23 Oct 2026, b34): five short cipher spots on f. 9r (l. 10 middle, ll. 16-17 after *messire Latin*, ll. 27-28 seven signs, the word before *puissance*, the l. 8 name group) and single doubtful words of the clear text | not yet triedhard to read on the scan ×4no key known |
| 92.5% | 1590 | Champagne news letters to the duc de Nevers, June 1590external key matched · partialOpen: No. 25: 72 holes in the reading (doubtful clear words such as [?poix] [?doigt], [?Lamour], [?balliages] [?de] [?flandre], the besieged town in K) and the isolated figure 3 in the Soissons run | not yet tried ×2hard to read on the scantoo short to breakno key known |
| 87.3% | 1523 | Lope de Soria to Charles V, Genoa, 1523ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: key-A code words rip (4x), pur (3x), qed (2x), dus (2x), cop | not yet triedno key known ×4hard to read on the scan |
| 86.3% | 1789 | Deboli to Stanisław August, St Petersburg 1789key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: 10 May 1789 (no. 042): 666 of 4,393 groups unread | code groups open ×3 |
| 80.9% | 1527 | Bilia to Francesco II Sforza, 22 November 1527known key applied · partialOpen: f. 102v, seven cipher lines (118 signs): words but no sentences | not yet triedno key known ×2needs the archive |
| 75.0% | 1522 | Alonso Sánchez at Venice to Charles V, 1522existing decipherment · partialOpen: R9653 cipher, second paragraph (f. 299v ll. 7-12) and single groups of the first, decoded, not read | not yet triedno key known ×3hard to read on the scan ×2needs the archive |
| 64.0% | 1529 | Sormano and de Vaulx to François I, Ferrara 1529known key applied · partialOpen: no. 63 f. 115r from line 28 to f. 116v, cipher runs not yet re-read sign by sign (f. 115r lines 1-27 re-read 23 Oct 2026, no63_reading.md) | not yet tried ×2hard to read on the scan |
| 56.0% | 1506 | De Puebla to Almazán, London, 21 April 1506known key applied · partialOpen: The clear text of the letter (about 20 lines in Puebla's cursive), read only in part | code groups openhard to read on the scan ×4 |
| 54.7% | 1903–1910 | The Count of Sabugosa to Queen Amélie, 1903–1910existing decipherment · partialOpen: m0014, 43 groups (Lisbon -> Paris, 13 May 1903) | code groups open ×2no key known |
| 50.0% | 1482 | Nicolò Sadoleto at Pozsony, 1482key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R1106 decoded, not read (23 Oct 2026: slips 26a/26b transcribed, partial reading R1106_reading.md; the 26a part holds, the 26b part keeps holes in most sentences) | not yet triedhard to read on the scan ×4no key known |
| 40.4% | 1586 | Mayenne–Forget’s Cipher-2, 1586known key applied · partialOpen: code signs without a value: f. 385 14, 15, 30, invT (probably *vostre majesté*), x?; ff. 218-219 dotted K, 15, 19, 30, 36, dotted 9, dotted E, dotted χ°, ∻; f. 120 13 kinds in 15 places | not yet tried ×2no key known ×4 |
| 20.8% | 1917 | Bernstorff to Berlin, 10 January 1917: the code telegram the State Department carriedkey from external plaintext · partialOpen: Groups 147-576, the second text (430 groups) | code groups open ×3 |
| 20.0% | 1601 | Henri IV to Philippe de Béthune, November 1601key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: 9 Nov 1601 letter, f. 33 (about half the words) | not yet triedhard to read on the scan ×2no key knownneeds the archive |
| 2.0% | 1523 | The Duke of Sessa to Charles V, February–April 1523external key matched · partialOpen: R9660 decoded, not read (about 2,050 cipher tokens; after b34 a hole about every fifth word; only f. 141r's first cipher paragraph builds sentences) | not yet triedneeds the archive ×3no key known |
| – | 1791 | Deboli to Stanisław August, St Petersburg 1791existing decipherment · partialOpen: Despatches other than the five of the sample (100 items, about 440 cipher images) | not yet tried ×3code groups open |
| – | 1588 | Lord Cobham at Ostend to Walsingham, 20–22 March 1588key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: code number 42, f. 70r ("15 will never yield to send 42 hither") | not yet tried ×4no key known ×2too short to break |
| – | 1593 | Henri IV to André Hurault de Maisse at Venice, 1593existing decipherment · partialOpen: Brienne 13 fol. 173r (end of the 8 Feb letter, f. 406) and most of fol. 194v (f. 410), not transcribed | not yet tried ×2 |
| 0.0% | 1535 | A son to his father, 22 March 1535known key applied · partialOpen: R9367 as a whole: decoded, not read (verify sweep 23 Oct 2026); the sense-only values cc = z, Φ = b, S = sch, U = ll (11 words) | not yet triedno key known ×3 |
| 99.9% | 1568–69 | Cardinal Alessandrino to the nuncio in Spain, 1568–69known key applied · partialOpen: R94 (2 short gaps): "9 0 4 0 2 0" before S.M. and the verb 6 2 4 7 6 after "comincia" | no key known ×2hard to read on the scan ×2needs the archive |
| 99.9% | 1571 | Lodovico Birago to Duke of Nevers, 5 April 1571external key matched · partialOpen: ff36r-37r: 118 of 923 transcribed elements unidentified | no key known |
| 99.9% | 1615–17 | Louis XIII to Brûlart de Léon in Venice, 1615 and 1617existing decipherment · partialOpen: R2786 f. 109v rows 9-11 / f. 110r row 1 outside the glossed words | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 99.9% | 1586 | An anonymous letter to a League leader, 28 October 1586existing decipherment · partialOpen: a few unglossed figure strings on f. 167r-v (under "ne pourroit procurer", "si porte bien …", the last line before the date) | hard to read on the scanno key known |
| 99.9% | 1788–1793 | Van Dedem at Constantinople, 1788–1793existing decipherment · partialOpen: R2122 and R2131: about 14 groups whose codebook value gives no sense where they stand (R2122: 1230, 1330 twice, 80, 760 twice, 3928, 1605, 1463, 2622; R2131: 319, 591) and 4414 (no such code) | too short to break |
| 99.9% | 1678 | Louis XIV to Marquis de Feuquières, 9 December 1678key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff156r-157v: 751 of 1,920 code elements unidentified (60.9% identified); the readable text follows the interlinear and margin plaintext | no key known |
| 99.9% | 1576 | The Fulda protest of 1576known key applied · partialOpen: See the notes for what is open. | no gaps listed |
| 99.9% | 1594 | Girolamo Gondi to Duke of Nevers and Rethel, 15 May 1594key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff9r-10r: cipher lines without interlinear (3/6 pages deciphered; 20 of 1,469 elements unidentified); docket [?] | no key known |
| 99.9% | 1586 | Sir Edward Stafford to Walsingham, Paris, 20 August 1586key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: "mayntayne" in the f. 65v postscript is probable, not certain: the last signs of the run are faint | hard to read on the scan |
| 99.9% | 1625 | Raimond Phélypeaux d’Herbault to Bullion, 29 July 1625key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff99r-99v: 9 of 375 cipher elements unidentified; margin addition with [?] names; f99r transcribed in part | no key known |
| 99.9% | 1529–1531 | Łaski’s cipher: four letters to the Dukes of Bavaria, 1529–1531key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R9323 l. 10, two words before "ducere noluit" | hard to read on the scan ×3no key known ×2 |
| 99.9% | 1639 | Kurz von Senftenau to Trauttmansdorff, Hamburg 1639key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: Residual [?] words and unread runs in the nine letters (R3813 about 20 [?] and the clerk's slips in its Notes; R3814 about 12 runs; the others in each read/_reading.md Notes) | hard to read on the scan ×2no key knownneeds the archive |
| 99.9% | 1608 | La Boderie to Pierre Jeannin, 7 June1608key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff59r-60v: 100 of 1,023 elements unidentified; one cipher page deciphered in part | no key known |
| 99.9% | 1644 | Fra Giovanni di Lucca to Ferdinand III, 1644key from external plaintext · partialOpen: See the notes for what is open. | no gaps listed |
| 99.9% | 1587–89 | Cardinal Morosini to Rome, 1587–89known key applied · partialOpen: R35: the stretch after "si" (202v l. 8) and the last line (203r l. 19) | needs the archive ×3hard to read on the scan ×2no key knowntoo short to break |
| 99.9% | June–July 1916 | Huang Xing’s numeric telegrams, June 1916ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: 共密: 45 doubtful characters in 9 telegrams | hard to read on the scan ×4needs the archiveno key known |
| 99.9% | 1736 | The Secretariat of State to the nunciature in Spain, 1736known key applied · partialOpen: 11 nomenclator groups seen once in letters that read (1200, 1335, 1960, 1985 in 423/2; 1232, 1469, 1698, 1942 in 423/7; 1636 in 423/8) | needs the archive ×2too short to break |
| 99.9% | 1589 | A letter from Rome to the abbé d’Orbais, 23 August 1589known key applied · partialOpen: S1 first sign `Ƃ` (subject of "depeschera": Sa Sainteté? il?) | no key known ×5 |
| 99.9% | 1711 | Ferenc Rákóczi II to an envoy, Lwów, 27 June 1711existing decipherment · partialOpen: R483 p. 1 clear opening, five words (*Supponimus redditas jam [...] ... abunde [...] [...]nistris*) | hard to read on the scanno key known |
| 99.9% | 1556 | Renard to King of Spain, 14 December 1556existing decipherment · partialOpen: ff217v-218r: 110 of 456 cipher elements unidentified; the running cipher lines read only in fragments | no key known |
| 99.9% | 1676–78 | Bernardo de Salinas and Pedro Ronquillo to Baltasar de Fuenmayor, 1676–78existing decipherment · partialOpen: R983 f. 1 passage, many holes | hard to read on the scan ×2no key known |
| 99.6% | 1497 | An unaddressed Spanish cipher of 8 January 1497 (Espagnol 318 no. 95)ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: five name code groups (dcl, dah, dal, dnl, boo; Name1-Name5 in Lasry's key), one occurrence each | hard to read on the scan ×2no key knowntoo short to break |
| 99.6% | 1558 | Seure’s letters from Lisbon, December 1558key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: N10_4, one occurrence in no. 39 row 10 | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 99.4% | 1610 | Marie de Médicis to Savary de Brèves, Rome, 1610external key matched · partialOpen: 10 Nov, re[c?]ognoissant, one sign (B1 on view 112, c needed) | no key known ×2hard to read on the scan |
| 99.4% | 1528 | Vicomte de Turenne to The Grand Master, 1 June 1528key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: f13v: 10 of 785 elements unidentified (5 unidentified signs, 2 uncertain readings); page deciphered in part | no key known |
| 99.1% | 1589 | Not established to Not established, 1589?key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff54r-55r: 2 unidentified codes among 52 unidentified of 1,744 elements | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 99.0% | 1706–10 | János Pápai to Ferenc Rákóczi II, 1706–1710known key applied · partialOpen: 57 numeric groups across R757, R765, R793–R796, R823 | no key known ×2hard to read on the scanneeds the archive |
| 99.0% | 1637 | Fra Guglielmo Vizani to the Comte de Césy, 1637external key matched · partialOpen: name codes 31, 36, 64?, 198, 227, 231 | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 98.9% | 1560 | Mémoire en chiffre from the Agenais, 12 December 1560ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: 16 scattered words (of 1,715), each tried against the image and the key, context not decisive: 152r.16 (x), 152r.26 (mx on), 152v.06 (Q+), 152v.26 (3xzo fxz), 153r.31 (Wzoxedn), 154v.03 (WxmJn), 154v.24 (C+ DzoSx3), 155r.29 (x+ S), 155v.16 (mixppxrQxppxm), 155v.17 (3xrnnQxS), 155v.22 (S) | no key known ×2 |
| 98.8% | undated (pencilled 1632?) | R4306: a Dutch diplomatic reportciphertext-only break · partialOpen: Codes 105, 106, 113 and 114 (and 101 in the address-leaf note) | hard to read on the scan ×2no key knownneeds the archive |
| 98.7% | undated | F. Le Rouge to the Chancellor, 11 July, year unestablishedkey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: f32r: 2 unread groups, 4 unidentified symbols (610 of 623 elements), clear passages with holes | no key known |
| 98.5% | 1592 | Dinteville to the Duke of Nevers, 1 and 4 July 1592key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: l. 4, four signs after "l'emporter" (decode "? i u s", perhaps "ou s'il"/"puis") | hard to read on the scan ×3 |
| 98.5% | 1587 | Guise to Mercœur, 16 April 1587known key applied · partialOpen: three code groups not in the key (ʃʃ in run 3, ᶜʃʃ in run 7, ≈ƀ in run 22): blocker: no-key-material. Each occurs once, and the context guesses (MAIS, QUELQUE, PEU DE) are graded M. | no key known ×3 |
| 98.5% | 1648 | Archduke Leopold Wilhelm’s instruction to the abbé de Mercy, 6 June 1648ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: v04 pos. 9-13 and 17-19, "no la dire?t non y si i u?": code 15 occurs twice and has no value, "t non" does not read, and an extra i stands before "una" | hard to read on the scan ×2no key known |
| 98.2% | 1430 | Francesco de’ Cattanei to Gianfrancesco Gonzaga, February 1430ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: P4 L04 "leonebi … re[∂]bs", L05 "aisignata pure st", L11 "uniei … cille", L14 "a-mhi" (~32 signs) | hard to read on the scan |
| 98.2% | 1519 | Ernestus dux and Joachimus; probably Ernst of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Joachim von Maltzan to Francis I, King of France, Eve of Saint Paul, at five in the morning; no year. Context suggests c.1518–1520;1519 remainskey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: f28r-f28v: 3 unread groups and 24 unidentified elements (660 of 684 identified); f29r transcribed in part | no key known |
| 98.2% | 1476 | Not established to Not established, 18th century?ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: p351: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known |
| 98.0% | 1593 | Lebel to Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy, 1593known key applied · partialOpen: no. 62 f. 130v: ~6 signs under the recto's ink before code 46, and one blot (= 1 sign, probably i) | hard to read on the scan ×3no key known ×2 |
| 98.0% | 1573 | Philip II to the nuncio Ormanetto, 1573external key matched · partialOpen: 32 and 2̇88 in *se ben dal canto mio l'ho [32] de la buona [2̇88] havuta* (f.303r, 9 tokens) | no key known ×3 |
| 98.0% | 1517 | Thomas Spinelly to Henry VIII, Brussels 1517key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: See the notes for what is open. | no gaps listed |
| 97.6% | 1706 | András Bay to Rákóczi, Jászvásár, 8 March 1706external key matched · partialOpen: See the notes for what is open. | no gaps listed |
| 97.4% | 1786–1791 | Jefferson’s Code No. 11, the Barclay–Lamb code, 1786–1791key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: TJ to Adams, 28 Sep 1787, coded P.S. (about 30 groups) | too short to break ×4hard to read on the scan ×2no key known |
| 97.4% | 1812 | John Quincy Adams at St Petersburg: despatch No. 88, 25 June 1812key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: rem88 seven groups with lost digits (142x, 21x, 15xx, 11xx, 10xx, 55x, 13xx) | no key known ×3needs the archive |
| 97.2% | 1529 | Ambrogio Bizozola to Maximilian Sforza, Bologna, 4 November 1529known key applied · partialOpen: f. 157v ll. 9-10, the date numerals after "Bologna quatro del" (two words and three Lasry-unknown signs before "novembre") | too short to breakhard to read on the scan |
| 97.0% | 1583 | A letter to Duke Wilhelm V of Bavaria, 12 June 1583ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: the # sign (barred o-o), 3 times (ll. 23, 27; f.275r) | no key known ×3too short to break |
| 96.9% | 1581 | [François ?] d'Entragues to Comte de Saint-Aignan, auprès du duc d’Anjou, 1581–1582known key applied · partialOpen: ff759r-781v: 9 of 87 name signs unidentified (8 unidentified symbols in his key) | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 96.9% | 1644 | Le Tellier to Marca, 26 April 1644: the lodgings and the opened packetsknown key applied · partialOpen: signs and code groups without a value: p (r02), the sign ending r03 (l… logis?), 22 (r04), 23 with a hooked mark (r06), Ꝺ 22 (r16), the double-barred cross before =3 (r19), =18 (v05) | no key known ×2 |
| 96.8% | 1710 | Nicolas Desmarets to an unnamed correspondent, Marly, 4 June 1710known key applied · partialOpen: groups 23, 65, 94, 133, 147, 179, 189, 229, 534, 539, 559, 565 (15 tokens) | no key known |
| 96.7% | 1533 | Jörg Weinmeister to the Dukes of Bavaria, spring 1533key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: about 31 scattered words across the four cipher pages (listed as {?} in pass2/reading.txt) | no key known ×2 |
| 96.7% | 1562 | Marguerite Paléologueciphertext-only break · partialOpen: ff5v-7v: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 96.5% | 1635–36 | Sir Simonds D’Ewes, cipher log of his son’s fits, 1635–36ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: line 30 (last line, about 6 words, only "...am nonam" visible) | hard to read on the scan ×2needs the archive |
| 96.2% | 1769 | Writer in Mondesir, Isle de Franceciphertext-only break · partialOpen: See the notes for what is open. | no gaps listed |
| 96.1% | 1580 | The Cardinal of Como to Dandini, 8 August 1580existing decipherment · partialOpen: 32 illegible groups | hard to read on the scanno key known |
| 96.1% | 1527 | Gilino to Francesco II Sforza, 15 September 1527external key matched · partialOpen: Gilino R8572: 9 unread tokens (Bp, "q o", a small o, "b o" in a struck group, o.29 xp b+) and ~108 tokens in 45 doubtful words, listed in reading_r8572.txt | hard to read on the scan |
| 96.1% | 1631–1635 | The Louis XIII–Sabran cipher, 1631–1635ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: code 46 (fr. 4135 f. 219, once) | no key known ×2hard to read on the scan ×2too short to breakneeds the archive |
| 96.0% | 1530 | Passano to Francis I on Wolsey’s assets, 1530ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: `[D]` (four occurrences), `[Q]` (two), `[S2]` (one): blocker: no-key-material. Wolsey and a royal title are plausible for D and S2; Q may be a pronoun or title. None has a verified expansion. Do not substitute whole words as if recovered from a key. | no key known ×2needs the archive |
| 96.0% | 1537 | Cardinal Caracciolo to Charles V, 14 November 1537known key applied · partialOpen: See the notes for what is open. | no gaps listed |
| 95.9% | 1634–40 | Ferdinand III and the Cardinal-Infante, 1634–1640key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R1887 P2.02 `n+ m/ a+ 45 hu tt` (literal crisdus, after "vero inde") | no key known ×3too short to breakhard to read on the scan |
| 95.9% | 1795 | Prince Frederick of Orange to his brother, London, 7 May 1795external key matched · partialOpen: signs that occur twice (plain Δ: p3 l11 and p4 l1; %: p3 l10 and p4 l4; crossed diamond, value voor at I only) | no key known ×3hard to read on the scan |
| 95.8% | 1902–04 | The Japanese Army’s numeric kana cipher, 1902–04key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: C09122909900 pair 2 (17 for イ) | needs the archivehard to read on the scan |
| 95.8% | 1593 | Laurière to the duc de Nevers, July–August 1593external key matched · partialOpen: Fr. 3985 f. 58, 6 illegible tokens: two signs in s..t (sait; a blot and a 2-shaped sign), the three middle signs of c...e (ceste, written '1 5 4'), the sign after 29-bar in B1 | hard to read on the scanno key known |
| 95.6% | 17th c. | A French letter in a homophonic pigpen cipher, SP 106/10ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: f. 241 c12 and c17 ("b_ruiledu ... et du uoii", "bienr"; WAINUT reads c17 "sieur", adopted, and conjectures c12 "[se]ruice du [67] et du uos[tre]") and single signs at the ends of c13, c15 and the day in c19 | hard to read on the scan ×2no key known ×2 |
| 95.5% | 1533–1534 | King John of Hungary and an agent at Buda to the dukes of Bavaria, 1533–1534key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R9412, 27 cipher words not read (after the 5 Oct check) | hard to read on the scan ×2no key known |
| 95.4% | 1577 | Ancel’s cipher, Vienna 1577: Archduke Matthias leaves for the Low Countriesknown key applied · partialOpen: Transcription of all seven pages not checked by a person (AI transcription and AI adjudication only; 3 of 125 lines spot-checked here) | no key known ×4needs the archive |
| 95.4% | 1629 | Louis XIII to Philippe de Béthune, 30 June 1629key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: f53r-f53v: about 11 unidentified sign types and the [?] groups in his readable text | no key known |
| 95.4% | 1586 | Henry of Navarre’s news-sheet to Ségur, La Rochelle, 10 July 1586known key applied · partialOpen: name codes 204, 189, 190, 166, 167 in f. 333 | no key knownneeds the archive |
| 95.4% | 1517 | Two ciphers in the Strängnäs sequentiary, 1517known key applied · partialOpen: the six signs closing the f. 1r slip (ÿ ɑ M ÿ u ꝺ) | too short to break |
| 95.3% | 1528–1529 | Galeazzo Visconti to Angelo Bolano and to Francis I, 1528–1529known key applied · partialOpen: fr. 3045 l.18 place name "[ιn]npiano" (7 glyphs) | too short to break ×4no key known |
| 95.3% | 1714–16 / undated | Barbara Potocka to Jakub Dunin, 1714–16ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: Potocka codes 87, 94, 100, 270, 23 occurrences | no key knowntoo short to breakhard to read on the scan |
| 95.2% | 1795 | Prince Frederick of Orange to an officer of the Orange troops, late 1795ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: page 2 (Dutch postscript) decoded, not read: word-divided reading texts/p2_reading.md (23 Oct 2026), first half does not build | no key known ×3hard to read on the scan |
| 95.0% | 10 March 1413 | Siena no. 12: a royal bride for Sforza, Naples 1413ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: the two name signs ("name?", 2 and 1 occurrences) and the "Signoria Vostra?" sign | no key known ×2too short to break |
| 95.0% | 1676 | Coenraad van Beuningen to Gaspar Fagel, 23 May/2 June 1676key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: Twelve residual I tokens (c324, d210, e274, o211, p113, p122, s254, t218, v111, v274, w141, w204), plus g121 when gemelte is retained, and unread s439 | no key known ×2 |
| 94.8% | 1859 | Napoleon III / Empress Eugénieciphertext-only break · partialOpen: the cipher pages: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 94.7% | undated | unknown to Bertelotkey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff132r-134v: 27 unread groups; 960 of 1,646 elements unidentified, 10 groups with unresolved boundaries | no key known |
| 94.6% | undated | Several correspondents; Chamilly and Barrière named in headings to The Prince in several headings; another damaged heading names a duke, 18, 19 and 26 August; year not visible in this source extractkey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: pp285-287: 79 of 1,218 visible elements unidentified (the [?] groups in the deciphered runs) | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 94.4% | 1601 | Aerssen to Oldenbarnevelt, 25 May 1601key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: 25 May code 47' | no key known ×7 |
| 94.2% | 1757–58 | The comte d’Affry’s intercepted letters from The Hague, 1757–58key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: 45 groups without a value that the register does not settle (listed above under "Not adopted") | no key known ×3hard to read on the scan |
| 94.0% | 1574 | Henriette de Clèves and Renato Birago to Nevers, 1574existing decipherment · partialOpen: f. 15v ll. 2-5 and the gloss-only line at its head (about 70 words) | hard to read on the scan ×3 |
| 93.7% | 13 June 1478 | Siena no. 11: Donato Acciaiuoli to Lorenzo de’ Medici, 1478ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: one sign lost in a hole in block A ("? ?v m") | hard to read on the scantoo short to breakneeds the archive |
| 93.3% | 1528 | Galeazzo Visconti to Montmorency, Landriano, 30 August 1528known key applied · partialOpen: nomenclator codes 48 (x2), 4θ, 4r (r25 and v03), rr (r21), qq (r09), peu (x2) (48 probably Saint-Pol and peu probably the King, from the siblings, not proved) | no key knowntoo short to breakhard to read on the scan |
| 93.0% | 1641 | Robert Reade to his cousin, Paris, 19 April 1641external key matched · partialOpen: code groups 90, 160, 319, 359, 444, 452, 455, 487, 539, 650, 660, 673, 718 (x2) | no key known |
| 93.0% | 1588 | René de Lucinge to Charles-Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, 9 June, 18 June and 3 August 1588ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: ff122r-132v: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 92.8% | 1529–1530 | Guido Rangone to Montmorency, 1529–1530ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: A1 "instantia [y S] de ven[i]re" and A2 "loro [y] le mie" (3 signs) | too short to break ×4 |
| 92.2% | 1672 | A Hamburg despatch to the Hessian chancellor, 4/14 May 1672external key matched · partialOpen: passage 1, five signs 28 83 117 20 BB (e r t a z) before "in Holstein" | no key known |
| 92.2% | 1761 | La Touche and La Rivière to Berryer, Martinique, 12 June 1761key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: About 40 single-use word codes (47 of 818 tokens): 408/451 ("ni en [408] ni [451] dans la colonie"), 339 and 75 ("en [339] une révolution … qui nous arrive en [75]"), 100 and 511 ("l'[100]ce[511] est à notre porte"), 183, 403, 154, 110, 138, 413, 459, 638, 82, 173, 199, 245, 223, 600, 267, 670, 161, 462, 317, 404, 195, 516, 180, 685, 232, 336, 44, 449, 264, 327, 439, 523, 345, 480 | no key known ×3needs the archive |
| 91.1% | 1594 | Duke of Nevers to M. de Gondi, 27 March 1594external key matched · partialOpen: ff91r-92r: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 90.9% | 1554 | Unidentified to Unidentified, Unestablished;1554/1555 remains a hypothesiskey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff162r-164v: about 56 unread groups and 22 doubtful words in the deciphered runs; 39 provisional sign labels without value | no key known |
| 90.9% | 1642–1644 | João IV to the marquês de Nisa, 1642–44key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: cipher words of letters 44, 49 and 56, and m0025 ll. 3-5 and 12-16 of letter 13 | hard to read on the scantoo short to break |
| 90.9% | 1592 | A. Pelissier to Pierre Jeannin, Burgos, 13 September 1592known key applied · partialOpen: code group 310 (f. 50r, probably Savoy), 441 (f. 49v, probably France) and the confessor's name on f. 50r | hard to read on the scan ×2no key known |
| 89.8% | 1640 | Johan Banér to Torsten Stålhandske, Hof, 29 December 1640key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: S2 name after "Johann" (11 tokens, read "ohrspacbuet", plus the lone n after [513]) | needs the archive ×2no key known |
| 89.7% | 1597 | Philip II / Archduke Albert to Duke of Sessa / Philip II, 31 March 1597 / 25 August 1596known key applied · partialOpen: f58r, f145r: unidentified and uncertain code groups (39 of 379 elements; 13 uncertain forms marked ?) | no key known |
| 88.9% | 1697 | Bossuet correspondence to Includes letters to the abbé Bossuet, Selected letters from1697–1698known key applied · partialOpen: the deciphered pages: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 88.9% | undated | Signed DC to Not established, 20 May; year not establishedkey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: f103r: 3 of 49 cipher elements unread (2 ?, 1 unidentified), several named opponents uncertain | too short to break |
| 87.7% | 1535–36 | Georges de Selve at Venice to Francis I, 1535–1536known key applied · partialOpen: R3697 struck runs C2 tail, C3, T1, T3 (135 signs) decoded, not read | hard to read on the scan ×7too short to break |
| 87.2% | 1446 | Two Sforza letters of 4 May 1446: the reply to Zorzo del Maino and Milan to Sforzaciphertext-only break · partialOpen: 47 unresolved cipher occurrences in 14 sign classes (#30 x8 adopted as a null 23 Oct 2026, leaving 39 in 13; #25 x10, (4) x6, (6) x5, #36 x4, #35 x3, (22) x3, (25) x2, six classes once): mostly at line and paragraph openings (#35 (6) (4) opens f. 68 lines 1 and 9) | no key known ×4hard to read on the scan |
| 87.0% | 1551 | La Guiche to Montmorency, Rome, 22 November 1551ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: La Guiche f. 60v: the four-dot code sign (::) after 'mal satisfaict de' and sign 5 | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 85.9% | 1585–1586 | Mayenne–Forget’s Cipher-1, 1585–86known key applied · partialOpen: ff. 123r (0.41) and 124r (0.56) decoded, not read | no key known ×3 |
| 85.7% | 1597 | Juan Blasco de Aragon to Not established, 2 May 1597ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: ff71r-72v: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 85.6% | 1721 | A letter between the Windischgrätz brothers, Brussels 1721known key applied · partialOpen: 19 nomenclator codes (26 groups): 101, 102, 111, 130, 131, 139, 146, 149, 151, 164, 168, 172, 181, 182, 204, 205, 206, 209, 225 | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 85.0% | 1530 | Gramont to Montmorency, Rome, 21 July 1530known key applied · partialOpen: ends of cipher lines 1-2 and the middle of lines 5-7 (about 15 % of the cipher), read at low confidence | no key known ×2 |
| 85.0% | 1528 | Siena no. 17: Tantucci in the cipher of the Balía, 1528ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: opening words of the second and third points and one phrase ("lco[??]stren[?]niare"), about 15% of the 282 signs | no key known ×2 |
| 83.5% | undated | Jean, cardinal Du Bellay to The Constable, Undatedciphertext-only break · partialOpen: ff65r-66v: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 82.6% | 1589 | Méry de Vic to Henri IV, 28 August 1589ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: f. 43r cipher: ~12 unread groups and 4 unidentified signs ([P], [A], [ʃ], [7]) | no key known |
| 81.8% | 1586 | Matignon’s tuple cipher, May 1586existing decipherment · partialOpen: multi-valued labels on the nine pages other than 234r (E2, M30, QUI, N18, DA and others) | no key known ×2hard to read on the scan ×2too short to break |
| 81.8% | 1440s–1450s? | Siena no. 9: Castiglione this winter, with the King of Aragon’s assentkey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: the final cipher group at the right of line 8 ("Francesco? i?", about 7 signs) | too short to break ×2no key known |
| 81.0% | 1567–69 | Scipion de Fiesque at the Emperor’s court, 1567–69known key applied · partialOpen: View 6 right (11 Oct 1567) c05-c06, two words, and about ten [?] words on that page | no key known ×5hard to read on the scan |
| 81.0% | 1754–56 | Johann Heinrich Kauderbach’s despatches from The Hague, 1754–56ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: R1954 (March 1756, 1,621 groups): decoded, not read | needs the archiveno key known |
| 78.5% | 1652 | Urquhart’s Cyphral Octastich (1652) and Distich (1653)known key applied · partialOpen: octastich position 149 (one letter of line 5) | hard to read on the scan ×2no key known |
| 78.4% | 1555 | Jean, cardinal Du Bellay to The Constable, 1555existing decipherment · partialOpen: ff60-61: 84 of 193 transcribed elements unidentified, the rest of the cipher not transcribed in his report | no key known |
| 78.0% | 1686–1688 | Battier to Fagel: a court dividedknown key applied · partialOpen: 24 April 1687: surplus 8=e; partly covered 5:623 gra[tie]; gehelyk, sedert dat and soo als hy; Gastanaga's exact departure condition | no key known ×7hard to read on the scanneeds the archive |
| 78.0% | 1562–66 | Sir Thomas Smith to Cecil and the Queen, 1562–1566known key applied · partialOpen: single unread signs in nos. 08, 11, 15, 16, 17, 18 | no key knowntoo short to breakneeds the archive |
| 77.6% | c. 1431–1438 | Cristofano’s cipher letters to the Signori of Siena, Concistoro 2308 nos. 6 and 24ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: no. 24 P2, the ‹...› runs left after the 14 Oct revision (464 of 2,279 decrypted letters, 20.4%) | hard to read on the scan ×4 |
| 76.5% | 1782 | De Swart to Van Bleiswijk, St Petersburg, 1782external key matched · partialOpen: R1040 first part, 2,259 groups (images 5453-5458, 5459 groups 1-179, and 5474) | hard to read on the scan ×2needs the archive |
| 75.8% | 1525 | Giovanni, cardinal Salviati to Not established, 16 October 1525ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: f54r-f54v: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 75.0% | 1593 | Spanish despatches of 1593 in the office cipher: Miranda, Sessaknown key applied · partialOpen: nos. 45, 79, 47: 22 code groups not on the f. 97 sheet (Val, ral, ʃep, ner, ʒe, pir, mil, is, xom, mal, rili, mos, ʃer, hir, hum, us, ho, yos, ∂ir, lir, xox, ru) | no key known ×3 |
| 71.7% | 1528 | Ranzo’s code, 1528: the letter to “Garbino” and Ranzo’s lettersciphertext-only break · partialOpen: fr. 3022 no. 20 (letter 3): 74 of 1,314 tokens not read by the bar measure (94.4%): 27 without a value in either key, 47 tentative values of Lasry's that Rosson's does not match | no key known ×4needs the archive |
| 70.5% | 1677–78 | The marqués de los Balbases to Baltasar de Fuenmayor, 1677–78existing decipherment · partialOpen: R992, R996, R997, R998 decoded, not read (2,295 cipher tokens; partial readings 0.13-0.41 clean sentences, re-read 22 Oct 2026): rare groups with no value in the key (fol, 85, 150, 182, 187, 17, 189, bon, i8 ...) | no key knownneeds the archive |
| 69.3% | 1589 | A letter from Reims on the chapter’s postulation, 19 June 1589known key applied · partialOpen: p. 1 ll. 16-26, 38-40 and p. 2 ll. 1-3, 13-21, 36-40 decoded, not read (holes in nearly every clause; reading audit 22 Oct 2026; re-read 23 Oct 2026, 0.069) | no key known ×2hard to read on the scan ×2too short to breakneeds the archive |
| 68.9% | 1585 | Scipion de Gonzaguekey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: Français 4696 ff5r, 62r-v; 4698 ff30r-31r, 104r: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 68.5% | 1650 | Not established to Not established, 1650–1653 volume; individual dates uncheckedkey from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: pp289-303: 522 of 2,080 visible elements unidentified (the [?] groups and doubtful words in the deciphered runs) | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 66.0% | 1523–24 | Lope Hurtado de Mendoza at Rome to Charles V and Gattinara, 1523–24key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R9667 (5 May 1523), cipher runs decoded, not read | no key known ×6needs the archivehard to read on the scan |
| 64.8% | 1537 | A Bavarian at Wardein to Duke Ludwig of Bavaria, 14 March 1537key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: P1.12-32, P2.15-19, P3.01-09, P3.39-P4.01, P4.21-35, P5.05-07 decoded, not read (0.310 / 0.379 explicit holes, re-read 23 Oct 2026; 0.172 / 0.241 with conjectures as holes, v2_score.py) | no key known ×3hard to read on the scan |
| 60.0% | 1861 | Rose Greenhow’s letter on mourning paper, Washington 1861external key matched · partialOpen: Side 1, paper losses (al[l], acti[vi]ty, atta[ck], [b]e, Ferr[y], eff[o]rt, tro[op o]f, [th]is, Harpe[r's F]erry) | hard to read on the scan ×4no key known |
| 58.2% | 1635 | Louis XIII to Châtillon and Brézé, 30 June 1635key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: ff113v-118r: about 116 unread groups and 57 doubtful words in the deciphered runs (722 of 967 elements identified) | no key known |
| 58.0% | 1645–48 | Keresdi Bethlen cipher letters, 1645–1648ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: R4937, R4942 read 23 Oct 2026 (b15). R4936 decoded, not read (verify sweep 23 Oct 2026): 130 letters (6.7%) on look-alike alternates, mostly t on g-shaped figures, plus five [?words] and two unread runs (l. 9, l. 16) | hard to read on the scan ×3too short to break |
| 56.0% | 1489–90 | Maffeo da Treviglio at Buda to Ludovico Sforza, 1489–1490known key applied · partialOpen: 2831 letter groups that decode letter for letter but give no word: p. 1 L03, L04, L08, L11, L12, L17, L19-L22, L25-L29; p. 2 L15, L16, L19-L21, L25, L28-L31 between secure words; p. 3 L02, L03 head, L05-L08 middles, L15, L18, L21, L22, L27, L29, L31; p. 4 L02 | no key known ×2hard to read on the scan ×2 |
| 54.2% | 1452 | Nicodemo Tranchedini to Francesco Sforza, 28 June 1452existing decipherment · partialOpen: f89r (28 June 1452) and the historical decipherment ff88r-v: unread groups between the deciphered runs | no key known ×2 |
| 53.3% | 1918 | Twenty-two garbled ADFGVX messages of November 1918known key applied · partialOpen: nine open messages (pp. 73, 152, 153 VFVAX and AXVAA, 158, 170, 176 GGDAA, 189, 198; 1,320 letters) | no key knownneeds the archive |
| 53.0% | 1637 | Otto von der Malsburg’s cipher letters to Landgrave Wilhelm V, 1637ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: HCPortal 504 (f. 18) and 505 (ff. 23-24): decoded, not read after the 23 Oct 2026 re-read on the scans (explicit holes 0.562, 0.545; HCP504/505_reading.md) | no key known ×7hard to read on the scan ×3 |
| 52.0% | 1635–52 | Cipher report to Hesse-Kassel, Thirty Years’ Warciphertext-only break · partialOpen: cipher lines 2-3 decoded, not read | hard to read on the scan ×3 |
| 48.6% | 1511–12 | Ferdinand the Catholic to Jerónimo de Vich, 1511–12key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: N.60 decoded, not read (explicit-hole share 0.589 on v2_score after the r2i proofread; `n60_reading.md` partial) | hard to read on the scan ×3no key known ×2 |
| 48.1% | 1903 | Hintze Ribeiro to Queen Amélie, two code telegrams of 1903existing decipherment · partialOpen: m0001, 28 of 29 groups (Lisbon -> Naples, 23 Apr 1903) | no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 46.5% | 1534–1535 | System A′: the Bavarian agents’ reports from Hungary and a letter of King John, 1534–35key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R9409 and R9427 decoded, not read (2,924 words; holes in most sentences) | no key known ×7 |
| 45.8% | 1706 | A Vienna agent to Baron Schenck, March–July 1706ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: R7486, R7488, R7489, R7490, R7492, R7496, decoded, not read | no key known ×3hard to read on the scantoo short to break |
| 45.8% | 1524 | The Duke of Sessa to Charles V, Rome, 18 April 1524key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R9873 read (23 Oct 2026, b23); about 70 open code groups, single contexts, and the stretch f. 83r ll. 19-25 | no key known ×6hard to read on the scan |
| 43.0% | 1585 | Walsingham to Edward Wotton in Scotland, 1585key from external plaintext · partialOpen: R4844 as a whole decoded, not read (sign words or open codes in nearly every sentence; reading audit 22 Oct 2026) | too short to break ×2no key knownhard to read on the scan |
| 37.4% | 1586 | Camus de Pontcarré to Villeroy, 1586existing decipherment · partialOpen: f. 111v: the three groups after 'car ie uous' | no key known ×4too short to break |
| 36.5% | 1903 | King Carlos to Queen Amélie, three code telegrams of 1903existing decipherment · partialOpen: m0056, all 47 items (Lisbon -> Tlemcen, 4 Mar 1903) | no key knowntoo short to break |
| 35.3% | c. 1533–34 | The Pressburg report and a servant’s letter, c. 1533–34ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: f.263 beyond recto lines 11-16: letters on the multi-valued signs (b d/l, z e/s, p b/w, K k/b) chosen by sense, 3.9% of the reading's letters | no key known ×3 |
| 33.0% | 1567–68 | Sir Henry Norreys to Cecil, 1567–68known key applied · partialOpen: 9 Mar 1568 item 2 (four signs, "a t ? l") | too short to break ×2no key knownneeds the archive |
| 30.5% | 1586 | Matignon’s Cipher-3, 1586known key applied · partialOpen: fr. 15573 ff. 379-381: five rare code signs (circle on a cross, looped epsilon with a stroke, zigzag-tailed 3, m with a z-like tail, the barred double o where it is not *le roy de Navarre*) | no key known ×5hard to read on the scan ×3 |
| 30.4% | 1691 | Feuquières to Catinat, Pignerol 1691key from external plaintext · partialOpen: Feuquières to Catinat, 25 Jan 1691: decoded, not read (0.545); groups 9, 19, 54, 122, 132, 194, 257, 271, 292, 333, 353 unread | no key known |
| 28.0% | 1597 | Francesco Guicciardini? to Ferdinando I de Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, 10 May 1597key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: 7 of 9 pages (ff42r-45r; one more in part): not transcribed or deciphered in full in Lasry's report | no key known |
| 27.3% | 1713–14 | Stanisław Chomentowski at the Porte to Hetman Sieniawski, 1713–1714existing decipherment · partialOpen: R7476: the reading as a whole is decoded, not read (0.524 explicit-hole share, 23 Oct 2026; about 40 [?word]s on p.31 L19-34 and p.32 L9-36) | hard to read on the scan ×4no key known ×4 |
| 23.0% | 1503 | Isabella of Castile to the Duke of Estrada, 20 August 1503known key applied · partialOpen: copy X recto ll. 12-13, 16-46 and the verso decoded, not read (mostly [..]; reading audit 22 Oct 2026; texts/PTR53-69_partial_reading.md 0.128 clean, 23 Oct) | hard to read on the scan ×3 |
| 23.0% | 1573 | Burghley to Walsingham, 29 January 1573key from external plaintext · partialOpen: nine-sign run "^ 4 d H m 11 11 I J" (f. 419v l.2) | no key known ×3 |
| 11.7% | 1520–21 | Giuliano Caprile’s sign cipher, 1520–1521key from external plaintext · partialOpen: R1136 L01-L03 left third under the stain (about 6 signs, "# #" in the transcription) and R1139 L10 end | no key known ×3hard to read on the scan ×2 |
| 8.6% | 1645–46 | Maurice to Rupert, 1645, and the Digby-coach intercepts, 1646: still unreadknown key applied · partialOpen: f. 9 (R8623), whole cipher text: | no key known ×4too short to breakhard to read on the scan |
| 4.3% | 1586 | Malicorne to Henri III, Niort, 21 April 1586known key applied · partialOpen: f. 162v and canvases 171-172 (four pages): decoded, not read (read share 0.565-0.790) | no key known ×2too short to break |
| 4.2% | 1522 | Lope Hurtado de Mendoza at Rome to Charles V, 1522key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: R9646 (decoded, not read; runs 4-5): zip, zob, ʃof and the spelled ð∠89&Ho, 8ʒtoo, ð∠47 ɣ?8δHo | no key known ×5needs the archivehard to read on the scan |
| 2.6% | 1816–1823 | Castelcicala to the Marchese di Circello and to Medici, 1816–1823existing decipherment · partialOpen: R9553 (1 Apr 1816), decoded, not read | no key known ×24needs the archive |
| – | 1634–35 | Lord Maltravers to the Earl of Ormonde, 1634–35key from adjacent plaintext · partialOpen: See the notes for what is open. | no gaps listed |
| – | 1915–16 | The Rosamonde telegrams: Sun Yat-sen and Soong Ching-ling, 1915–16ciphertext-only break · partialOpen: 9 Mar 1915, eight cipher words in the middle of the 30-word telegram | hard to read on the scan ×4 |
click a column to sort, a row for its pageRead: share of the cipher tokens that give sense nowgold can be done now: the images and the key are onlinegrey needs a new source first: a key, a better scan, an edition or the archive
What counts as further
One closed gap is a contribution: a value for a code group with every place it occurs, a passage re-read at the image, a key or a clear copy found in another volume or in print, a photograph from the archive. A reading becomes complete when at least 95% of its cipher tokens give sense, measured from a reading file, no gap is left untried, every letter is covered, and what stays open is scattered code groups or pieces blocked from outside (README, Conventions). Each step is credited on the write-up. How to send it: contribute.