Read further · read 60.0% · external key matched · partial

Rose Greenhow’s letter on mourning paper, Washington 1861

A torn letter in symbols on mourning paper, seized from Rose O’Neal Greenhow’s house on 23 August 1861 (NARA naId 1634036). Side 1 deciphers with the key found on her body when she drowned off Fort Fisher in 1864: Washington expects an attack hourly and is hunting whoever gave the alarm. About 60% of its words read as sense between paper losses; side 2 and a scrap of figures stay open. No earlier decipherment was found.

Date
1861
Read now
60.0% of the cipher tokens give sense
Write-up
greenhow1861.html
Files
targets/greenhow1861
Open gaps
hard to read on the scan ×4no key known

Hand this page to your AI agent

Give your agent (Claude, ChatGPT or any assistant that can open web pages) this address and ask it to do the task on the page:

https://dbourdeau.github.io/cyphersolver/further/greenhow1861.html

Or copy the block below into the chat. It is the whole task: the reading, every open gap, what has been tried, the steps, and how to report back.

TASK: take a partial decipherment further: Rose Greenhow’s letter on mourning paper, Washington 1861
This page: https://dbourdeau.github.io/cyphersolver/further/greenhow1861.html

You are helping a public research project finish reading historical cipher letters. This one is read in part:
the key works, but some pieces are still open. Your job is to close one or more of the open gaps below.

THE READING
  Write-up:   https://dbourdeau.github.io/cyphersolver/greenhow1861.html (read it first: how the text was read, the key, the reading)
  Date:       1861
  Outcome:    external key matched · partial
  Read now:   60.0% of the deciphered cipher tokens give sense (pieces below may be untouched)
  Files:      https://github.com/dbourdeau/cyphersolver/tree/main/targets/greenhow1861 (NOTES.md, key, transcription, reading, scripts)

OPEN GAPS (from NOTES.md, "## Remaining gaps")
  1. [illegible: needs a new source] Side 1, paper losses (al[l], acti[vi]ty, atta[ck], [b]e, Ferr[y], eff[o]rt, tro[op o]f, [th]is, Harpe[r's F]erry) - blocker: illegible; lost with the paper, restorations marked.
  2. [illegible: needs a new source] Side 1, torn clear words (myste.., a.., u.., l..) and the heading "P 31 ?" - blocker: illegible.
  3. [illegible: needs a new source] Side 1, "Edwards Ferry" and "Baltimore" - blocker: illegible; conjectures only.
  4. [illegible: needs a new source] Side 2 - blocker: illegible; two ink lines, fragments only (gr..e, tim.., bo.., ..ganiz.ing), read once.
  5. [no-key-material: needs a new source] Numeral fragment (image 3) - blocker: no-key-material; tested against the 1864 key in review (`numerals_test.py`): the key writes figures as letter-like signs (1 a, 2 d, 3 phi, 4 ff, 5 m, 6 b, 7 nn, 8 c, 9 c; 10 III), so these Arabic figures are not its numbers; read as its digit-like letter signs they give no words (11 of 33 groups hold a 2 or 6, which has no value). The scrap reads as a money reckoning ("$5 dollers $25", figures 5 to 104); the three key-like signs on its last line (S, M, E) are too few to read.

ALREADY TRIED (from NOTES.md, "## Escalation")
  [x] siblings: Jordan's letter to "Rachel" (`../jordan1861/`) reads with the same key; NARA 1634043 (clear draft, 10 Aug 1861) read for context.
  [x] clear-pages: no clear copy of this letter on the NARA images; 1634043 is not one.
  [x] known-keys: the 1864 key (M1091 image 0484) fits; image 0483 tested and does not.
  [x] print: OR Ser. II vol. 2 (Greenhow case, pp. 561-577), Pinkerton 1883, Greenhow 1863 searched: not printed; Fishel and Blackman by web search only (full text not reachable).
  [x] retry: side 1 re-read independently in shape labels; the corrections above come from that pass.

STEPS
0. Set up. If you can run a shell, fork and clone the repository and work inside it:
     git clone https://github.com/dbourdeau/cyphersolver.git
   Then read, in this order: CONTRIBUTING.md (how a contribution is sent and credited); README.md, sections
   "Repository layout" and "Conventions" (how readings are measured and named); targets/greenhow1861/NOTES.md in full, and the
   key, transcription and reading files it names; lang/README.md (shared language models).
   Work in targets/greenhow1861/. Add your findings to NOTES.md under a dated heading without rewriting what is there, and
   update the "## Remaining gaps" line of every gap you close. Keep WORKLOG.md there: one dated line per step
   (hypothesis, value tried, solver run, crib, control), failures included. Do not edit docs/ (the site is generated).
   If you cannot run a shell, fetch the files from the links above and keep your work in files you send with the issue.
1. Pick a gap. Start with the ones marked "doable now" (open-codes, not-attempted, left-open): the images and the key
   are online, so they need only work. A gap marked "needs a new source" (no-key-material, too-short, illegible,
   needs-physical-access) can be closed only by something new: a key
   or a deciphered sibling found elsewhere, a better image, a printed edition or calendar, a photograph from the archive.
   For those, search for that material first, and say where you looked even when you find nothing.
2. Start from the existing key and transcription in the folder. Do not rebuild the key from scratch, and do not
   re-read parts that are already read unless you find an error in them.
3. For a code group or sign value: list every place the group occurs, show how each reads with the value you propose,
   and say what still does not fit. For a passage: re-read it at the image and give the folio and line. For a missing
   letter or leaf: say where it is held and how it can be reached.
4. Measure again. Apply the key to the whole text, write the reading file, and count the share of cipher tokens that
   give sense (not an estimate). The reading is "complete" only when (1) at least 95% of its cipher tokens give sense;
   (2) no gap is left untried; (3) every letter in it is covered; (4) what stays open is scattered code groups or names,
   or pieces blocked from outside. Otherwise it stays "partial": say which gaps are still open and why.
5. Be honest. Mark every uncertain word with [?], leave unread groups as their numbers or signs, and never fill a gap
   with a plausible guess. A gap retried and still open, with what was ruled out, is worth reporting.

REPORT BACK
With a clone: open a pull request with your changes to targets/greenhow1861/. Say in the description which gaps you worked on,
  the share read before and after, and how you want to be credited (name, initials or handle, and a link).
Without one: open an issue: https://github.com/dbourdeau/cyphersolver/issues/new?template=further-reading.yml&title=Further+reading%3A+greenhow1861&page=greenhow1861.html
  Give the write-up, the gap you worked on (its line in Remaining gaps, or the code group, folio and line), what you
  propose, the evidence (every occurrence, the images or sources), the share read before and after, your step log,
  and the tools and AI model you used.
If you cannot open issues or pull requests, write this report for your human to send. Credit goes to the person who sends it.

Open gaps

gold can be done now: the images and the key are online, it needs only work. grey needs a new source first: a key, a better scan, an edition or the archive.

Already tried

Send a result

One closed gap counts: a code group valued, a passage re-read, a key or clear copy found elsewhere. It is credited to you on the write-up.

Open a further-reading issueOther kinds of reportHow credit works← All partial readings