un courrier à Mr de Condé? Don Louis lui escrit et à Fonsaldagne pour les haster d'antr[er] en France et march…

BnF Clairambault 460 · contributed by George Lasry · French

Not established to Duke of Bouillon, 6–8 August 1650, Madrid

Frédéric-Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne, duc de Bouillon
toFrédéric-Maurice de La Tour d'Auvergne, duc de Bouillon

Spanish financial and military support for Bouillon: promised payments, eight armed frigates, and an advance toward Paris. Deciphered by George Lasry, working with ChatGPT Astra 6 and Anthropic Opus 5.5, in his BnF cipher research of October 2026: 949 elements, 941 identified (99.2%).

George Lasry · posted · updated

Method: key recovered based on adjacent plaintext · Extent: complete

Contributed by George Lasry (solution)

01 The letter

ShelfmarkBnF Clairambault 460 · graphic cipher, pp53–55
SenderNot established
RecipientDuke of Bouillon
Date6–8 August 1650, Madrid
LanguageFrench
Report status3/3 pages transcribed; 3/3 pages deciphered
Ciphertext949 elements, 941 identified (99.2%)

02 The key

54 symbols, 50 letter signs, 4 unidentified

George Lasry’s reconstructed key table
George Lasry’s reconstruction of the key, as drawn in his report (p. 69). Image: George Lasry, BnF cipher research (10 Oct 2026); manuscript: Bibliothèque nationale de France, Clairambault 460, via Gallica.

03 The decipherment

Manuscript lines with the cipher, from George Lasry’s report
The manuscript lines of the excerpt (p55 — postscript), from the report, p. 69. Image: George Lasry, BnF cipher research (10 Oct 2026); manuscript: Bibliothèque nationale de France, Clairambault 460, via Gallica.

p55 — postscript

un courrier à Mr de Condé? Don Louis lui escrit et à Fonsaldagne pour les haster d'antr[er] en France et marcher droit à Paris.

Translation. a courier to Mr de Condé? Don Louis writes to him and to Fonsaldagne to urge them to enter France and march straight to Paris.

04 Plaintext and other sources

Where a decipherment or clear copy already existed, as George Lasry gives it:

Interlinear plaintext
Interlinear plaintext on pp53–55.

05 Our check

This result is George Lasry’s. This project did not re-solve the cipher: it checked one sample against the Gallica image and recorded what it found.

06 Sources